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DDMODEL00000295: Executable_CMS_colistin_PK_CRRT

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The model describes the pharmacokinetics of colistimethate (CMS, prodrug of colistin) and colistin (active moiety) in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). It was fitted to observations collected in 10 intensive care patients providing 96 pre-filter and 15 post-filter plasma samples together with 12 effluent samples for CMS and colistin determination. The systemic disposition of both molecules was described with a single compartment model, estimating the clearance and the distribution volume of each moiety. The exchanges occurring in the CRRT device were modelled according to a physiologically-inspired model extension, taking into account real blood and filtrate-dialysate flow rates, actual filter and cartridge volumes and patients' haematocrit, and estimating the sieving coefficients of CMS and colistin. The model predicts that a CMS loading dose of 9 MU followed after 8 h by a maintenance dosage of 3 MU 8-hourly will achieve therapeutic colistin concentration exposure (>2.5 mg/L over the whole dosing interval) in patients undergoing CVVHD using low blood flows.
Original code
  • Multicenter Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Colistimethate Sodium and Colistin Dosed as in Normal Renal Function in Patients on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.
  • Leuppi-Taegtmeyer AB, Decosterd L, Osthoff M, Mueller NJ, Buclin T, Corti N
  • Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2/2019, Volume 63, Issue 2, pages: e01957-18
  • Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University & University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Intravenous colistimethate sodium (CMS) is used to treat infections with multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. Optimal dosing in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is unclear. In a prospective study, we determined CMS and colistin pharmacokinetics in 10 critically ill patients requiring CRRT (8 underwent continuous venovenous hemodialysis [CVVHD]; median blood flow, 100?ml/min). Intensive sampling was performed on treatment days 1, 3, and 5 after an intravenous CMS loading dose of 9 million international units (MU) (6 MU if body weight was <60?kg) with a consecutive 3-MU (respectively, 2 MU) maintenance dose at 8 h. CMS and colistin concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopy. A model-based population pharmacokinetic analysis incorporating CRRT settings was applied to the observations. Sequential model building indicated a monocompartmental distribution for both CMS and colistin, with interindividual variability in both volume and clearance. Hematocrit was shown to affect the efficacy of drug transfer across the filter. CRRT clearance accounted for, on average, 41% of total CMS and 28% of total colistin clearance, confirming enhanced elimination of colistin compared to normal renal function. Target colistin steady-state trough concentrations of at least 2.5?mg/liter were achieved in all patients receiving 3 MU at 8 h. In conclusion, a loading dose of 9 MU followed after 8?h by a maintenance dose of 3 MU every 8 h independent of body weight is expected to achieve therapeutic colistin concentrations in patients undergoing CVVHD using low blood flows. Colistin therapeutic drug monitoring might help to further ensure optimal dosing in individual patients. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02081560.).
Thierry Buclin
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  • Model owner: Thierry Buclin
  • Submitted: Nov 13, 2018 6:29:03 PM
  • Last Modified: Nov 13, 2018 6:43:21 PM
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  • Version: 12 public model Download this version
    • Submitted on: Nov 13, 2018 6:43:21 PM
    • Submitted by: Thierry Buclin
    • With comment: Updated model annotations.
  • Version: 11 public model Download this version
    • Submitted on: Nov 13, 2018 6:29:03 PM
    • Submitted by: Thierry Buclin
    • With comment: Model revised without commit message
 
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